Among the factors the cause feed accuracy errors,lead stroke accuracy and feed system rigidity are the key points for review,while other factors such as heat deformation due to temperature rise as well as assembly accuracy for the guiding surface,etc.should also be taken into consideration.
Accuracy Selection
Table 3.7 shows the recommended application ranges for various ball screws accuracy classes based on different.
| Application |
Shaft |
Precision Grade |
C0 |
C1 |
C2 |
C3 |
C5 |
C7 |
C10 |
| NC Machine Tolls |
Lathe |
X |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Z |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Milling Machine Boring Machine |
XY |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Z |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Mahining Center |
XY |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
- |
| Z |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
- |
- |
| Jig Borer |
XY |
o |
o |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Z |
o |
o |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Drilling Machine |
XY |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Z |
- |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
- |
| Grinding Machine |
X |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Z |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Electro-discharge machine |
XY |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| (Z) |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Wire Cut |
XY |
- |
o |
o |
o |
- |
- |
- |
| UV |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Punching Press |
XY |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Laser Cutting Mahine |
XY |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
- |
- |
| Z |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
| Wood Working Machine |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
| Machines of General Use and Special Use |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
| Semiconductor Mahchine |
Explosure Equipments |
o |
o |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Chemical Treatment |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
| Wire Bonder |
- |
o |
o |
o |
- |
- |
- |
| Prober |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
- |
- |
| Inserter |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| PCB Driller |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Industrial Robots |
Orthogonal Type |
As'sy |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Others |
- |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
| Multi-Joints Type |
As'sy |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
- |
- |
| Others |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| SCARA Type |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Machines for Steel Molding |
- |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
| Injuction Molding Machine |
- |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
| Three-Dimensional Measuring Machine |
o |
o |
o |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Business Machine |
- |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
| Pattern Image Machines |
o |
o |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Nuclear |
Rod Control |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
o |
- |
| Mechnaical Snubber |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
| Aircrafts |
- |
- |
- |
o |
o |
- |
- |
Countermeasure Against Thermal Displacement
Thermal displacement of the screw shaft results in
deterioration of the positioning accuracy.The magnitude of the
thermal displacement is calculated as follows:
= • t •L
(mm)
: Thermal displacement (mm)
t: Temperature rise (deg) at
screw shaft
L: Screw shaft length (mm)
: Coefficient of
thermal expansion (11.7 x 10-6deg-1)
Namely, the screw shaft develops elongation of 12£gm per 1m
when the temperature rises by 1°C. The ball screw, which lead has been
machined to high accuracy, may fail to meet highlevel requirements
because of the thermal displacement due to temperature rise.As the
ball screw is operated at higher speeds,the heat generation grows to increase the influence of temperature rise.
The thermal displacement countermeasures for ball screws include
the following:
(1) Control of heat generation
Optimization of preload
Correct selection and supply of lubricant
Increase in ball screw lead,with reduced rotation speed
(2)Forced Cooling
Hollow screw shaft to allow cooling fluid to flow through
Cooling of screw shaft exterior with cooling oil or air
(3) Avoid influence of temperature rise
High-speed warming up for use in a temperature stabilized size
Pre-tension of screw shaft
Negative travel compensation of cumulative lead
Use of closed loop |